Device Service SDK - Getting Started Go SDK

In this guide, you create a simple device service that generates a random number as a means to simulate getting data from an actual device. In this way, you explore some SDK framework and work necessary to complete a device service without actually having a device to talk to.

Install dependencies

See the Getting Started - Go Developers guide to install the necessary tools and infrastructure needed to develop a GoLang service.

Get the EdgeX Device SDK for Go

Follow these steps to create a folder on your file system, download the Device SDK, and get the GoLang device service SDK on your system.

Create a collection of nested folders, ~/edgexfoundry on your file system. This folder will hold your new Device Service. In Linux, create a directory with a single mkdir command
```
mkdir -p ~/edgexfoundry
```
In a terminal window, change directories to the folder just created and pull down the SDK in Go with the commands as shown.
```
cd ~/edgexfoundry
git clone --depth 1 --branch v2.0.0 https://github.com/edgexfoundry/device-sdk-go.git
```
Note

The clone command above has you pull v2.0.0 of the Go SDK which is the version associated to Ireland. There are later releases of EdgeX, and it is always a good idea to pull and use the latest version associated with the major version of EdgeX you are using. You may want to check for the latest released version by going to https://github.com/edgexfoundry/device-sdk-go and look for the latest release.
Create a folder that will hold the new device service. The name of the folder is also the name you want to give your new device service. Standard practice in EdgeX is to prefix the name of a device service with device-. In this example, the name 'device-simple' is used.
```
mkdir -p ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple
```

Copy the example code from device-sdk-go to device-simple:

cd ~/edgexfoundry
cp -rf ./device-sdk-go/example/* ./device-simple/

Copy Makefile to device-simple:

cp ./device-sdk-go/Makefile ./device-simple

Copy version.go to device-simple:

cp ./device-sdk-go/version.go ./device-simple/

After completing these steps, your device-simple folder should look like the listing below.

Start a new Device Service

With the device service application structure in place, time now to program the service to act like a sensor data fetching service.

Change folders to the device-simple directory.
```
cd ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple
```
Open main.go file in the cmd/device-simple folder with your favorite text editor. Modify the import statements. Replace github.com/edgexfoundry/device-sdk-go/v2/example/driver with github.com/edgexfoundry/device-simple/driver in the import statements. Also replace github.com/edgexfoundry/device-sdk-go/v2 with github.com/edgexfoundry/device-simple. Save the file when you have finished editing.

Open Makefile found in the base folder (~/edgexfoundry/device-simple) in your favorite text editor and make the following changes

Replace:

MICROSERVICES=example/cmd/device-simple/device-simple

with:

MICROSERVICES=cmd/device-simple/device-simple

Change:

GOFLAGS=-ldflags "-X github.com/edgexfoundry/device-sdk-go/v2.Version=$(VERSION)"

to refer to the new service with:

GOFLAGS=-ldflags "-X github.com/edgexfoundry/device-simple.Version=$(VERSION)"

Change:

example/cmd/device-simple/device-simple:
  go mod tidy
  $(GOCGO) build $(GOFLAGS) -o $@ ./example/cmd/device-simple

to:

cmd/device-simple/device-simple:
  go mod tidy
  $(GOCGO) build $(GOFLAGS) -o $@ ./cmd/device-simple

Save the file.
Enter the following command to create the initial module definition and write it to the go.mod file:
```
GO111MODULE=on go mod init github.com/edgexfoundry/device-simple
```
Use an editor to open and edit the go.mod file created in ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple. Add the code highlighted below to the bottom of the file. This code indicates which version of the device service SDK and the associated EdgeX contracts module to use.
```
require (
    github.com/edgexfoundry/device-sdk-go/v2 v2.0.0
    github.com/edgexfoundry/go-mod-core-contracts/v2 v2.0.0
)
```
Note

You should always check the go.mod file in the latest released version SDK for the correct versions of the Go SDK and go-mod-contracts to use in your go.mod.

Build your Device Service

To ensure that the code you have moved and updated still works, build the device service. In a terminal window, make sure you are still in the device-simple folder (the folder containing the Makefile). Build the service by issuing the following command:

make build

If there are no errors, your service is ready for you to add custom code to generate data values as if there was a sensor attached.

Customize your Device Service

The device service you are creating isn't going to talk to a real device. Instead, it is going to generate a random number where the service would ordinarily make a call to get sensor data from the actual device.

Locate the simpledriver.go file in the /driver folder and open it with your favorite editor.
In the import() area at the top of the file, add "math/rand" under "time".
Locate the HandleReadCommands() function in this same file (simpledriver.go). Find the following lines of code in this file (around line 139):
```
if reqs[0].DeviceResourceName == "SwitchButton" {
    cv, _ := sdkModels.NewCommandValue(reqs[0].DeviceResourceName, common.ValueTypeBool, s.switchButton)  
    res[0] = cv
}
```
Add the conditional (if-else) code in front of the above conditional:
```
if reqs[0].DeviceResourceName == "randomnumber" {
    cv, _ := sdkModels.NewCommandValue(reqs[0].DeviceResourceName, common.ValueTypeInt32, int32(rand.Intn(100)))
    res[0] = cv
} else
```
The first line of code checks that the current request is for a resource called "RandomNumber". The second line of code generates an integer (between 0 and 100) and uses that as the value the device service sends to EdgeX -- mimicking the collection of data from a real device. It is here that the device service would normally capture some sensor reading from a device and send the data to EdgeX. The HandleReadCommands is where you'd need to do some customization work to talk to the device, get the latest sensor values and send them into EdgeX.
Save the simpledriver.go file

Creating your Device Profile

A device profile is a YAML file that describes a class of device to EdgeX. General characteristics about the type of device, the data these devices provide, and how to command the device are all in a device profile. The device profile tells the device service what data gets collected from the the device and how to get it.

Follow these steps to create a device profile for the simple random number generating device service.

Explore the files in the cmd/device-simple/res/profiles folder. Note the example Simple-Driver.yaml device profile that is already in this folder. Open the file with your favorite editor and explore its contents. Note how deviceResources in the file represent properties of a device (properties like SwitchButton, X, Y and Z rotation).
A pre-created device profile for the random number device is provided in this documentation. Download random-generator.yaml and save the file to the ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple/cmd/device-simple/res/profiles folder.
Open the random-generator.yaml file in a text editor. In this device profile, the device described has a deviceResource: RandomNumber. Note how the association of a type to the deviceResource. In this case, the device profile informs EdgeX that RandomNumber will be a INT32. In real world IoT situations, this deviceResource list could be extensive. Rather than a single deviceResource, you might find this section filled with many deviceResources and each deviceResource associated to a different type.

Creating your Device

Device Service accepts pre-defined devices to be added to EdgeX during device service startup.

Follow these steps to create a pre-defined device for the simple random number generating device service.

Explore the files in the cmd/device-simple/res/devices folder. Note the example simple-device.yaml that is already in this folder. Open the file with your favorite editor and explore its contents. Note how DeviceList in the file represent an actual device with its properties (properties like Name, ProfileName, AutoEvents).
A pre-created device for the random number device is provided in this documentation. Download random-generator-devices.yaml and save the file to the ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple/cmd/device-simple/res/devices folder.
Open the random-generator-devices.yaml file in a text editor. In this example, the device described has a ProfileName: RandNum-Device. In this case, the device informs EdgeX that it will be using the device profile we created in Creating your Device Profile

Validating your Device

Go Device Services provide /api/v3/validate/device API to validate device's ProtocolProperties.
This feature allows Device Services whose protocol has strict rule to validate their devices before adding them into EdgeX.

Go SDK provides DeviceValidator interface:

// DeviceValidator is a low-level device-specific interface implemented
// by device services that validate device's protocol properties.
type DeviceValidator interface {
    // ValidateDevice triggers device's protocol properties validation, returns error
    // if validation failed and the incoming device will not be added into EdgeX.
    ValidateDevice(device models.Device) error
}

By implementing DeviceValidator interface whenever a device is added or updated, ValidateDevice function will be called to validate incoming device's ProtocolProperties and reject the request if validation failed.

Configuring your Device Service

Now update the configuration for the new device service. This documentation provides a new configuration.yaml file. This configuration file:

changes the port the service operates on so as not to conflict with other device services

Download configuration.yaml and save the file to the ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple/cmd/device-simple/res folder (overwrite the existing configuration file). Change the host address of the device service to your system's IP address.

Warning

In the configuration.yaml, change the host address (around line 14) to the IP address of the system host. This allows core metadata to callback to your new device service when a new device is created. Because the rest of EdgeX, to include core metadata, will be running in Docker, the IP address of the host system on the Docker network must be provided to allow metadata in Docker to call out from Docker to the new device service running on your host system.

Custom Structured Configuration

Go Device Services can now define their own custom structured configuration section in the configuration.yaml file. Any additional sections in the configuration file are ignored by the SDK when it parses the file for the SDK defined sections.

This feature allows a Device Service to define and watch it's own structured section in the service's configuration file.

The SDK API provides the follow APIs to enable structured custom configuration:

LoadCustomConfig(config UpdatableConfig, sectionName string) error

Loads the service's custom configuration from local file or the Configuration Provider (if enabled). The Configuration Provider will also be seeded with the custom configuration the first time the service is started, if service is using the Configuration Provider. The UpdateFromRaw interface will be called on the custom configuration when the configuration is loaded from the Configuration Provider.
ListenForCustomConfigChanges(configToWatch interface{}, sectionName string, changedCallback func(interface{})) error

Starts a listener on the Configuration Provider for changes to the specified section of the custom configuration. When changes are received from the Configuration Provider the UpdateWritableFromRaw interface will be called on the custom configuration to apply the updates and then signal that the changes occurred via changedCallback.

See the Device MQTT Service for an example of using the new Structured Custom Configuration capability.

Rebuild your Device Service

Just as you did in the Build your Device Service step above, build the device-simple service, which creates the executable program that is your device service. In a terminal window, make sure you are in the device-simple folder (the folder containing the Makefile). Build the service by issuing the following command:

cd ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple
make build

If there are no errors, your service is created and put in the ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple/cmd/device-simple folder. Look for the device-simple executable in the folder.

Run your Device Service

Allow the newly created device service, which was formed out of the Device Service Go SDK, to create sensor-mimicking data that it then sends to EdgeX:

Follow the Getting Started using Docker guide to start all of EdgeX. From the folder containing the docker-compose file, start EdgeX with the following call (we're using non-security EdgeX in this example):
```
docker composef docker-compose-no-secty.yml up -d
```
In a terminal window, change directories to the device-simple's cmd/device-simple folder and run the new device-simple service.
```
cd ~/edgexfoundry/device-simple/cmd/device-simple
./device-simple -cp -d
```
This starts the service and immediately displays log entries in the terminal.

EdgeX 3.0

In EdgeX 3.0, services must be provided with a flag indicating where the new common configuration can be found. In most case this will be -cp/--configProvider specifying to use the Configuration Provider for configuration. Alternatively the -cc/--commonConfig flag can be used to specify a file that contains the common configuration. In addition, when running in hybrid mode the -d/--dev flag tells the service that it is running in hybrid mode and to override the Host names for dependencies with localhost. See Command Line Options for more details.
Using a browser, enter the following URL to see the event/reading data that the service is generating and sending to EdgeX:

http://localhost:59880/api/v3/event/device/name/RandNum-Device01

This request asks core data to provide the events associated to the RandNum-Device-01.